🚀 ISRO PSLV-C61 Failure Explained | EOS-09 Satellite Loss 😔 | What Went Wrong in India’s Space Mission 2025? 🛰️

🚀 What Happened to ISRO’s PSLV-C61 Mission?

On 18th May 2025, India launched a big space mission with PSLV-C61 rocket, but sadly, it failed because it couldn’t drop its main satellite—EOS-09 (also called RISAT-1B)—into the correct orbit.

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🎯 Mission Objective

1. Main Goal: To put EOS-09 into space.

2. What is EOS-09? It’s an Earth Observation Satellite.

3. Special Feature: It has a radar that can take pictures even in clouds, night, and bad weather (C-band SAR).

4. Why Important? It was going to help in:

   • Farming and crops

   • Forest check

   • Flood and disaster response

   • Defence surveillance (like watching border areas)

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🛰️ What Kind of Orbit Was Planned?

5. The target was Sun-Synchronous Orbit. It means the satellite always sees Earth in same light condition every time—useful for taking clear pictures.

6. Different Orbits (for understanding):

   • Sun-Synchronous: 600–800 km high

   • Geostationary: 35,800 km high (used for TV, weather)

   • Polar: 200–1,000 km high (covers both poles)

   • Low Earth Orbit: 160–1,000 km

   • Medium Earth Orbit: Around 1,000 km

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🚀 PSLV-C61: India's Trusted Rocket

7. 63rd time PSLV was launched (used many times before, very successful)

8. This one used PSLV-XL type (a stronger version).

9. Launched from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.

10. Time of Launch: 5:59 AM, 18 May 2025

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😞 What Went Wrong During Launch?

🧩 Stage-wise Breakdown

11. PSLV works in 4 stages. Here's what happened in each:

• Stage 1 (Solid booster) – Worked fine.

• Stage 2 (Liquid engine) – Worked fine too.

• Stage 3 (Solid motor) – This is where problem came.

• Stage 4 (Liquid engine) – Was never started because Stage 3 already failed.

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💥 The Main Problem – Stage 3 Failure

12. In Stage 3, the chamber pressure dropped suddenly. That means rocket was not pushing itself hard enough to go further.

13. Because of that, it lost speed and height.

14. ISRO stopped Stage 4 to avoid creating space junk or crashing into something.

15. EOS-09 never reached space. It fell back to Earth and got destroyed.

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🔍 Why This Happened? (Suspected Reasons)

16. To determine the cause, ISRO assembled a group of specialists.

17. They're checking:

• Rocket fuel burning wrongly

• Damage inside the engine nozzle

• Seals or pipes that didn’t hold pressure

• Some mistake during rocket building

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🧠 Why This Satellite Was Important?

18. EOS-09 was useful for:

• Watching crops and estimating production

• Seeing floods or landslides from space

• Helping army or navy for border patrol

• Managing disaster like cyclones

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😓 Impact on ISRO’s Record

19. ISRO’s PSLV is very reliable. It had 50+ success launches before.

20. Last time it failed was in 2017 (PSLV-C39 – heat shield didn’t open)

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🛠️ What ISRO Will Do Next?

23. A full Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is going on.

24. ISRO said they will:

• Fix what went wrong

• Do better testing before future launches

• Maybe redesign Stage 3 system

25. A new satellite EOS-09 replacement may come soon – probably RISAT-1C

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